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SELENIUM & LUNG CANCER

The heavy burden of lung cancer, which includes the highest global mortality of any cancer, and its resistance to standard control approaches (smoking cessation, screening and therapy) have fostered intense interest in chemoprevention of this disease (Hirsch & Lippman, 2005).

Meta-analysis of epidemiological studies reveals that Se may have some protective effect against lung cancer in populations where average Se levels are low.  The evidence for these findings is greater in studies of toenail Se than in studies involving other measures of exposure (Zhuo et al, 2004).  For example, a Dutch cohort study involving 121,000 individuals found that people in the lowest 20% for toenail Se concentration had double the risk of lung cancer, after controlling for age, gender, smoking and education (van den Brandt et al, 1993).  And in a study of male smokers in Finland, those who entered the trial early (when Se levels were quite low) and had toenail Se levels in the lowest quarter had a five-fold higher risk of lung cancer than those men in the highest quarter of blood Se level (Hartman et al, 2002).

References

Hartman TJ, Taylor PR, Alfthan G, Fagerstrom R, Virtamo J, Mark SD, Virtanen M, Barrett MJ, Albanes D 2002. Toenail selenium concentration and lung cancer in male smokers (Finland) Cancer Causes Control 13(10): 923-928.

Hirsch FR, Lippman SM 2005. Advances in the biology of lung cancer chemoprevention. J Clin Oncol 23(14): 3186-3197.

Van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA, van’t Veer P, Dorant E, Hermus RJJ, Sturmans F 1993. A prospective cohort study on selenium status and the risk of lung cancer. Cancer Res 53: 4860-4863.

Zhuo H, Smith AH, Steinmaus C 2004. Selenium and lung cancer: a quantitative analysis of heterogeneity in the current epidemiological literature. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 13(5): 771-778.

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Laucke Flour Mills Pty Ltd
Strathalbyn, South Australia
Bridgewater on Loddon, Victoria
2 Callington Rd Strathalbyn SA 5255
PO Box 200 Strathalbyn SA 5255
E-mail: bread@laucke.com.au
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